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In: The Mental Status Examination Handbook. General mental status scales, rating instruments, and behavior inventories. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the early detection of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Īrevalo-Rodriguez I, Smailagic N, Roqué-Figuls M, et al. Mini-Mental State Examination, 2nd edition. Neuropsychological evaluations in adults. Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) and Mini-ACE for the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Comparison of the Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination and the Mini-Mental State Examination for detecting dementia and mild neurocognitive disorder-a pilot study. Montreal Cognitive Assessment for the detection of dementia. Diagnosis and treatment of clinical Alzheimer’s-type dementia: a systematic review. Mini-Cog for the detection of dementia within a primary care setting. The Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS): a point-of-care screening for dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Malmstrom TK, Voss VB, Cruz-Oliver DM, et al. Practice guideline update: mild cognitive impairment. Recommendations of the 5th Canadian Consensus Conference on the diagnosis and treatment of dementia. Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review. Elsevier 2022: 9–15.įitzGerald C, Hurst S. The workup after abnormal results of a mental status examination or cognitive screening tool is based on clinical judgment and primarily focuses on ruling out reversible causes of impairment and considering the need for further neuropsychiatric evaluation. There is emerging evidence for the validity of cognitive screening performed during telemedicine visits, but it should not replace in-person evaluation of patients who have comorbidities that would preclude reliable testing via telephone or video. Louis University Mental Status Examination, can be used the tools vary in sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Validated cognitive screening tools, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination or the St. An abnormal response in a domain may suggest a possible diagnosis, but neither the mental status examination nor any cognitive screening tool alone is diagnostic for any condition. To avoid affecting the examination results, it is best practice to ensure that the patient has a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment without any family member input or other distractions. This can include evaluation of a targeted cognitive domain or the use of a brief cognitive screening tool that evaluates multiple domains. When concerns about a patient's cognitive functioning arise in a clinical encounter, further evaluation is indicated. The mental status examination relies on the physician's clinical judgment for observation and interpretation.

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